Fluent in English, Blind to the Market: How American Firms Are Staffing Themselves Into Saudi Arabia's Margins
American companies operating in Saudi Arabia have developed a quiet but consequential hiring bias: they overwhelmingly recruit Saudi employees who speak fluent English, inadvertently sealing themselves off from the Arabic-language networks where real commercial intelligence is exchanged. The result is a workforce that communicates well with headquarters but poorly represents the company in the rooms that determine market outcomes.